Software Engineering 1
It is a system composed of people and computers that processes or interprets information.
Information System
As per an IBM report, “31%of the project get cancelled before they are completed, 53% overrun their cost estimates by an average of 189% and for every 100 projects, there are 94 restarts”.What is the reason for these statistics ?
Lack of adequate training in software engineering
This category includes the computer itself, which is often referred to as the central processing unit (CPU), and all of its support equipment.
Hardware
It implies separating software into components according to functionality and responsibility.
Modularity
Company has latest computers and state-of the- art software tools, so we shouldn’t worry about the quality of the product.
A field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society, whereas IS emphasizes functionality over design.
Computer information system
It is often easier to use if these two concerns are divided as much as possible into separate sets of client functions.
data structure component
An ________________ process simplifies verification If you develop software by adding small increments of functionality, then, for verification, you only need to deal with the added portion
Incremental Development
It refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them.
It is important in designing software that is free from unnatural restrictions and limitations.
Generality
They deal with structures and algorithms without regard for the meaning or importance of the data that is involved.
Software developers
Identify the correct statement: “Software engineers shall
act consistently with the public interest.”
Explain what is meant by PRODUCT with reference to one of the eight principles as per the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics
software engineers shall ensure that their products and related modifications meet the highest professional standards possible
Select the incorrect statement: “Software engineers should
be dependent on their colleagues.”
These are the policies that govern the operation of a computer system.
Procedures
A research title must not come from personal experience, an article read, a scene witnessed or news heard for it will invalidate the study.
It is very significant to note that the researcher must be totally aware of the purpose of the research problem.
The following are elements of the Problem and Its Background except,
Statistical Treatment
During the Defense which of the following must be done last?
Evaluation
During the Defense which of the following the researchers must do first?
Orientation from the chairman of the panel
Which of the following is the External criteria in formulating research problem?
Ethical considerations
Which of the following is not true about Research title?
The introduction is very important in establishing the affective setting of the research.
The Title page should be center-justified and in all capital letters, follows the inverted pyramid style, and is single-spaced.
Acknowledgement sheet should be placed immediately after the title page. Generally, it contains statements of recommendation and acceptance.
It refers to the budgeted amount available for the project.
Cost constraints
Which of the following is/are main parameters that you should use when computing the costs of a software development project?
Most projects have many interested parties or stakeholders, but someone must take the primary role of sponsorship.
A project should have a primary customer or sponsor
The process each manager follows during the life of a project is known as
Project Management Life Cycle
A project’s duration might be just one week or it might go on for years, but every project has an end date
It refers to the amount of time available to complete a project
Time constraints
Quality planning is the process of developing a quality plan for
It refers to what must be done to produce the project's end result
Scope constraints
Every project should have a well-defined objective. For example, many people hire firms to design and build a new house, but each house, like each person, is unique.
A project has a unique purpose.
An independent relationship must exist between the attribute that can be measured and the external quality attribute
Which of the following is not considered as a risk in project management?
A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.
Project
Which of the following is not project management goal?
Avoiding customer complaints
Resources include people, hardware, software, or other assets. Many different types of people, skill sets, and resources are needed to build a home.
A project requires resources, often from various areas
Projects are often defined broadly when they begin, and as time passes, the specific details of the project become clearer
A project is developed using progressive elaboration or in an iterative fashion
A 66.6% risk is considered as
high
Which of the following is incorrect activity for the configuration management of a software system?
Internship management
Resources, such as people and equipment, need to do work.
A project is an endeavor
Project managers have to assess the risks that may affect a project.
Identify the sub-process of process improvement
Process analysis
The word theory is derived from the Latin word, theoria, which means “vision.”
What is the one-page diagrammatic presentation of the variables of the thesis for easy understanding?
Abstract
It is a traditional practice that the review of related literature is divided into foreign and local.
Asking the level of performance is considered as?
Factor-relating questions
Situation-producing question answers the "How can I make it happen" questions.
Age is considered as what type of research question.
Factor-Isolating Questions
The related literature is different from conceptual literature.
These are questions that are answerable by yes or no. This is?
Non-re searchable questions
The basic form of a research questions involves the use of question words such as who, what, where, when, why, and how
The question "What relationships and interrelationships are observed between and among the following variables?" is what kind of research question?
Factor Relating question
The result of the clearer understanding of the theoretical or conceptual framework is a diagrammatic presentation of the study called
Paradigm
This is used when relating and assessing the effects of two or more variables. What type of paradigm is this?
CP (criterion-predictor) model
What is this kind of hypothesis that is always expressed as a negative statement?
Null
The sources of stress are related to the different coping mechanisms among businessmen. This statement is an example of what kind of hypothesis?
non directional
When a term is defined according to how it is used in the study, then it is operationally defined.
is a tentative prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in a population under the study.
Hypothesis
There is no significant relationship between the reasons for using alternative medicine and the level of comfort of the patients. This is an example of null hypothesis.
There is no significant relationship between the reasons for using alternative medicine and the level of comfort of the patients. This is an example of null hypothesis
The studies can be in the form of theses, dissertations, or journal articles, among others. These are not considered as research literature.
What do you call the propositions taken to be true based upon the presupposition without preponderance of the facts
Assumptions of the Study
The traits of middle level managers do not significantly affect the productivity level of crews in food chains. This is an example of alternative hypothesis
In this part of thesis writing, important terms used in the study must be defined clearly. Some of these terms appear in the thesis title, statement of the problem, paradigm of the study, and in the scope and delimitation.
Definition of Terms
This paradigm is used when the researcher is presenting an original paradigm. The requirement is that it must be scientific.
POM (proposed original model)
What kind of hypothesis is formulated when predicting relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable?
simple hypothesis
What is the hypothesis that always expressed affirmatively and is called substantive or scientific hypothesis?
Research hypothesis
___________ is probably the most important phase for long-term support as well as for the reputation of the company.
Testing
These are systems that collect data from their environment using a set of sensors and send that data to other systems for processing
It is a very basic check to see if all software components compile with each other without a problem.
Sanity Testing
Which of these does not affect different types of software as a whole?
The fundamental notions of software engineering does not account for ?
Which of these software engineering activities are not a part of software processes ?
Software dependence
These are application systems that run on a local computer, such as a PC.
Stand-alone applications.
Which of these is incorrect ?
Computer science belongs to Software engineering
Which of these are not among the eight principles followed by Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice ?
ENVIRONMENT
What are attributes of good software ?
Software maintainability & functionality
You should normally respect the confidentiality of your employers or clients irrespective of whether or not a formal confidentiality agreement has been signed
You should not use your technical skills to misuse other people’s computers.
Computer misuse
Which of these does not account for software failure ?
Increasing Supply
This is the tangible part of the development system.
Hardware platform
You should not misrepresent your level of competence. You should not knowingly accept work that is outside your competence
In almost all serious software development projects, a revision or version control system is used. This version control system keeps a record of changes in source code files and is usually built in a tree-like structure.
Branches
These are business systems that are designed to process data in large batches.
Batch processing systems
Editors are the core development tools because they convert source code to executable form.
This is usually the longest phase in the product life cycle. Each developer has to write his/her own code and collaborate with other developers to make sure that different components can interoperate with each other
These are systems that are composed of a number of other software systems.
Systems of systems
A. Bug fixes
B. New functionality
C. Detail of new features added to the software
D. Any bugs that are not yet fixed
Before you start selling any software product, it is officially released. This means that you create a state of the software in your repository, make sure that it has been tested for functionality and freeze the code.
Software Releases
These are software control systems that control and manage hardware devices
During the implementation process, developers must write enough comments inside the code so that if anybody starts working on the code later on, he/she is able to understand what has already been written.
These are systems that are primarily for personal use and which are intended to entertain the user.
Entertainment system
Which of these is not true ?
Web based systems have led to degradation of programming languages
It is testing one part or one component of the product. The developer usually does this when he/she has completed writing code for that part of the product.
Unit Testing
You should be aware of local laws governing the use of intellectual property such as patents and copyright.
Intellectual property rights
It is a systematic approach to the production of software that takes into account practical cost, schedule, and dependability issues, as well as the needs of software customers and producers.
Software Engineering
Which of these is true ?
What is a Software ?
Software is set of programs, documentation & configuration of data
__________________ documents show the behavior or functionality of a software product on an abstract level.
Functional specification
Which one of the following is not an Evolutionary Process Model?
Choice of a particular operating system may be made depending upon, except:
Development type
After defining architecture, software components and their interfaces, the next phase of development is the creation of __________________.
design documents
This is carried out to make sure that the software is doing exactly what it is supposed to do. This type of testing is a must before any software is released to customers
These are applications that execute on a remote computer and that are accessed by users from their own PCs or terminals.
Interactive transaction-based applications
This is usually the first part of any software product. This stage starts when you are thinking about developing software. In this phase, you meet customers or prospective customers, analyzing market requirements and features that are in demand.
Requirement Gathering
If you were to create client/server applications, which model would you go for?
These are systems that are developed by scientists and engineers to model physical processes or situations, which include many, separate, interacting objects.
Systems for modeling and simulation
It is a process done in some projects to carry out a test for a longer period of time. This type of testing is used to determine behavior of a product when used continuously over a period of time
Regression or Stress Testing
Typically each development platform consists of the following components, except:
System software
This is carried out to make sure that the software is doing exactly what it is supposed to do. This type of testing is a must before any software is released to customers.
Functional Testing
This is usually the longest phase in the product life cycle. Each developer has to write his/her own code and collaborate with other developers to make sure that different components can interoperate with each other.
Implementation and Coding
These are systems that collect data from their environment using a set of sensors and send that data to other systems for processing.
Data collection systems
You should not misrepresent your level of competence. You should not knowingly accept work that is outside your competence.
Competence
These are software control systems that control and manage hardware devices.
Embedded control systems
You should normally respect the confidentiality of your employers or clients irrespective of whether or not a formal confidentiality agreement has been signed.
Confidentiality
Which of the following is/are White box technique?
These documentations contain all the necessary information, which are needed to build the software
Software Design documentation
While programming, the code is broken down into smaller group of instructions. These groups are known as modules, subprograms, or subroutines.
Modular Programming
RAD Model has high reliability requirements.
Alpha testing is done at
Developer’s end
A company is developing an advance version of their current software available in the market, what model approach would they prefer ?
Both RAD & Iterative Enhancement
What are the various Testing Levels?
One can choose Waterfall Model if the project development schedule is tight.
Question text If you were a lead developer of a software company and you are asked to submit a project/product within a stipulated time-frame with no cost barriers, which model would you select?
RAD
Which of the following is not included in SRS ?
Design solutions
Consider the following Statement: “The product should have a good human interface.”What characteristic of SRS is being depicted here ?
Non-Verifiable
Software Design documentation contains the following except for:
Database management
Which of the following term describes testing?
Evaluating deliverable to find errors
The process mapping is a ______ diagram
Workflow
Selection of a model is based on
Arrange the given sequence to form a SRS Prototype outline as per IEEE SRS Standard.
i. General description
ii. Introduction
iii. Index
iv. Appendices
v. Specific Requirements
ii, i, v, iv, iii
Which of the following is responsible for the quality objective?
Top level management
These documentations are maintained by the developers and actual coders. These documents, as a whole, represent information about the code.
Technical documentation
Programming interfaces of present-day languages are very sophisticated and are equipped huge library functions.
Code-reuse
the software program, which is being developed in the organization, needs to be designed for host machines at the customers end.
Target-Host
Exhaustive testing is
impractical but possible
Which of the following statements about SRS is/are true ?
i. SRS is written by customer
ii. SRS is written by a developer
iii. SRS serves as a contract between customer and developer
All are true
Software documentation does not provides information about how to use the product. It only provides the functionality of the system.
It is the ability of a set of inherent characteristics of a product, service, product component, or process to fulfill requirements of customers
Quality
Spiral Model has high reliability requirements.
Which two of the following models will not be able to give the desired outcome if user’s participation is not involved?
RAD & Prototyping
The SRS is said to be consistent if and only if
no subset of individual requirements described in it conflict with each other
Which two models doesn’t allow defining requirements early in the cycle?
Prototyping & Spiral
Which of the following property of SRS is depicted by the statement : “Conformity to a standard is maintained” ?
Complete
Which of the following is included in SRS ?
Design Constraints
Narrative essay is one of the best types of specification document ?
The following are Quality management along the product life-cycle except for:
Deployment
Which of the following property does not correspond to a good Software Requirements Specification (SRS) ?
Ambiguous
It is the sum of all planned systematic activities and processes for creating, controlling and assuring quality indicates how quality management relates to the typical product development.
Quality Management
What are the Mandatory Quality Procedures?
All of these
White Box techniques are also classified as
Structural testing
Boundary value analysis belong to?
Black Box Testing
________________ is the ability to encourage by "push or pull" technical people to produce to their best ability.
Motivation
Maintenance testing is performed using which methodology?
Breadth test and depth test
Choose the correct option from given below:
Both RAD & Prototyping Model facilitates reusability of components
The SRS document is also known as _____________ specification.
black-box
Which of the following life cycle model can be chosen if the development team has less experience on similar projects?
Spiral
Lower and upper limits are present in which chart?
Run chart
What should a project manager do or follow to ensure clear boundaries for project completion?
Completing a scope statement
Which metric is related to the software maintenance
Process
Every time a new software is issued to the customer, developers have to maintain version and configuration related documentation
Version Management
A software is always made to perform some rational work. spiderman gaming is known as problem in the software parlance.
Top-down analysis
Inspections and testing are what kinds of Quality Costs?
Appraisal
What is Cyclomatic complexity?
White box testing
Build & Fix Model is suitable for programming exercises of ___________ LOC (Line of Code).
100-200
RAD stands for
Rapid Application Development
Which one of the following models is not suitable for accommodating any change?
Waterfall Model
Which is not one of the types of prototype of Prototyping Model?
Diagonal Prototype
Which one of the following is not a phase of Prototyping Model?
Coding
Which of the following statements regarding Build & Fix Model is wrong?
It scales up well to large projects
RAD Model has
5 phases
What is the major drawback of using RAD Model?
Increases reusability of components, Highly specialized & skilled developers/designers are required
SDLC stands for
Software Development Life Cycle
Which model can be selected if user is involved in all the phases of SDLC?
RAD Model
Which one of the following is not an Evolutionary Process Model?
a) WINWIN Spiral Model
The Incremental Model is a result of combination of elements of which two models?
Linear Model & Prototyping Model
What is the major advantage of using Incremental Model?
Easier to test and debug & It is used when there is a need to get a product to the market early
The spiral model was originally proposed by
Barry Boehm
The spiral model has two dimensions namely _____________ and ____________
radial, angular
How is WINWIN Spiral Model different from Spiral Model?
It defines a set of negotiation activities at the beginning of each pass around the spiral
Identify the disadvantage of Spiral Model.
Doesn’t work well for smaller projects
Spiral Model has user involvement in all its phases.
False
How is Incremental Model different from Spiral Model?
Progress can be measured for Incremental Model
If you were to create client/server applications, which model would you go for?
a) WINWIN Spiral Model
COTS stands for
Commercial Off-The-Shelf systems
Unit testing is done by
Developers
The software must be validated to ensure that it does what the customer wants.
Software validation
Software evolution does not comprises:
Negotiating with client
Which of the following is not used in measuring the size of the software
Size of module
It is the process of confirming if the software is meeting the business requirements, and is developed adhering to the proper specifications and methodologies.
Verification
Consider the example and categorize it accordingly, “A pattern-matching system developed as part of a text-processing system may be reused in a database management system”.
Component reuse
It has been a great tool of interaction with computers until the video display monitors came into existence.
Command Line Interface
OOD languages provide a mechanism where methods performing similar tasks but vary in arguments, can be assigned same name.
Polymorphism
The software to meet the specification must be produced.
Software design and implementation
OOD allows similar classes to stack up in hierarchical manner where the lower or sub-classes can import, implement and re-use allowed variables and methods from their immediate super classes.
Inheritance
A project’s duration might be just one week or it might go on for years, but every project has an end date.
A project is temporary
Reuse-based software engineering is a software engineering strategy where the development process is geared to reusing existing software.
True
A ___________is an executable instruction. It may have one or more parameters.
Command
Which of the following is non-functional testing?
Performance testing
It is a process to conceptualize the software requirements into software implementation.
Software Design
COTS product reuse means
Systems are developed by configuring and integrating existing application systems
In OOD, the attributes (data variables) and methods (operation on the data) are bundled together is called _________________.
Encapsulation
Model preferred to create client/server applications is
Concurrent Model
Identify the correct statement with respect to Evolutionary development:
Evolutionary development usually has two flavors; exploratory development, and throwaway prototyping
SPICE stands for
Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination
Beta testing is done at
User’s end
Which technique is applied to ensure the continued evolution of legacy systems ?
Reverse Engineering and Reengineering
It is a conceptualization of problem into several well-organized elements of solution
Structured design
Which of the following is a generic structure that is extended to create a more specific subsystem or application?
Framework
Spiral model was developed by
Berry Boehm
All entities involved in the solution design are known as __________. For example, person, banks, company, and customers are treated as objects.
Objects
It is text-based notifier that is mostly shows the context in which the user is working. It is generated by the software system.
Command Prompt
Processes for evolving a software product depend on:
All of the mentioned
These documentation explains how the software product should work and how it should be used to get the desired results. It may include software installation procedures, how-to guides, user-guides, uninstallation method and special references to get more information like license updation etc.
User documentation
“An ordering system may be adapted to cope with a centralized ordering process in one company and a distributed process in another.” Which category the example belong to? Select one:
Process specialization
It is communication between different modules.
Coupling
Release notes show what happened in this software version. Typically the information includes:
A. Bug fixes
B. New functionality
C. Detail of new features added to the software
D. Any bugs that are not yet fixed
All of the above
The open source movement has meant that there is a huge reusable code base available at
low cost
It works around the entities and their characteristics instead of functions involved in the software system. This design strategies focuses on entities and its characteristics.
Object Oriented Design
Testing done without planning and Documentation is called
Adhoc testing
Which of the following is black box testing
Boundary value analysis
The ___________________ model starts with most specific and basic components. It proceeds with composing higher level of components by using basic or lower level components.